Do You Know?

RECENT MARKETED DRUGS FOR BREAST CANCER

LAPATINIB have been recently launched by GSK PHARMA to stop the production of her2 proteins. And other drug molecule is HERCEPTIN marketed by GENENTECH PHARMA in the USA by the joint collaboration with Roche International. HERCEPTIN is first artificial antibody approved for breast cancer.

TREATMENT OF CANCER

1) RADIATION

It is a process of using UV light as an ionizing radiation to destroy the cancerous cells which infected our body parts of a particular region. The main aim of the radiation therapy is stop the mutation of genes which occur in the DNA replication   under abnormal conditions. It is given in a particular dose form recommended by oncologists. It is mainly seen in Thyroid cancer and in lung cancer.

2) CHEMOTHERAPHY

It is a process of using chemical agents to destroy the cancerous cells. It is mainly applied when the cancer fails to respond to radiation and when the cancer cannot be removed surgically, these groups of chemical agents collectively known as antineoplastic agents. ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS acts as an epiphany in the field of tumour chemotherapy. The various categories of drugs have been able to achieve a degree of success while diagnosis the different types of carcinomas and lymphomas. Antineoplastic agents block the biosynthesis of nucleic acids to check the cell division through direct interference with the mitotic spindles. A treatment regimen must be followed while administering these drugs. These drugs are targeting specific so it has got severe side effects which includes G.I complications and Bone marrow depression. These drugs are been discovered on empirical basis since there is qualitative and quantitative differences between human cells and cancerous cells.

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

The production and use of antibodies has become a areas of interest for the research field as well as for the academic purposes for its diversified applications. antibodies are often isolated by conventional method of sacrificing animals after hyperimmunizing them with ANTIGENS. ANTIBODY preparation by this method is usually heterogeneous because the cells are kept on producing a variety of antibodies. Since these antibodies are identical molecules specific for one type of antigen are called MABs (monoclonal antibodies). MABs are now been employed in human disease that are caused by a sudden attack of immune system on the tissue of the body. The most widely used MABs are OKT-3 which has been licensed for clinical use. MABs have been design to form carriers of cytotoxic substances which are termed as immunotoxins. Using MABs it has been possible to separate and remove tumour cells from normal cells of bone marrow. In case of gastrointestinal cancer it is used alone since the antibodies have the tendency to attract the cells of immune system to act against the prevailing cancerous cells. The availability of MABs that recognize immune cell antigens has resulted in improved diagnosis of particular type of lymphomas and leukemia’s.

GENETIC ENGINEERING

It is a process by which the genetic material is manipulated to have a desired result in a predetermine way. It is also known as DNA recombinant technology. The main aim of genetic engineering is to add, remove or repair the part of the genetic material by changing the qualities of a recipient organism in a useful predictable and in a permanent means. It also involves the actual planned synthesis of total new genes designed in advance to possess exactly the right combination of desired properties.

(RECENT ADVANCED TECHNIQUES IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER)
STEM CELL THERAPY

The stem cell therapy has played the role of epiphany in the field of oncology. With the help of stem cell therapy a hope to live further gets brighter in the case of cancer patients. Stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that is able to renew itself and produce all the specialized cells with an organ. Stem cells occur in much tissue and organ. Scientist has been able to modify the stem cell taken from a bone marrow of a patient and then by the help of genetic engineering the scientist is able to incorporate the stem cell with the drugs which release the therapeutic proteins to kill the brain tumour.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF CANCER

1)    CARCINOMAS- When malignant growth occurs in epithelial tissue covering the body organs- examples: lung cancer and stomach cancer

2)    SARCOMA- These are malignant growth developing in such tissue which are derived from mesoderm- bone cancer

3)    LEUKEMIA-It developed from abnormal proliferation of WBC present in blood and their precursor in the bone marrow. WBC count increases which suppress the production of RBC and platelets- example: Myeloblastic leukaemia.

CONCLUSION-
Human wants are countless. If one want is fulfilled then he will crave for others. IN This process he is able to perceive the bad impacts associated with this cycle, so human beings are falling as a prey to this type of reticent and lethal disease. So the time has come for all of us to wake up against the disease.

BEFORE IT BECOMES TOO LATE FOR US TO REACT, IT IS BETTER TO KILL THE BABY WHEN IT IS IN MOTHER WOMB BEFORE IT SPREAD ITS TENTACLES TO KILL US.

Collected by

Raj Kishore

Asst. Professor

A.N.D.College of Pharmacy

Babhnan, Gonda